Homosexuality as a Deviance: Discrimination In Society Essay

Deviance is a behavior that does not conform to social norms, therefore is socially created. Since most people in the United States believe that homosexuality is wrong, society has created homosexuality to be a deviance. Since deviance is relative and not absolute to a society, homosexuality is not a universal form of sexual deviance. There are many cultures that accept forms of homosexuality. The Western society is not accepting of it though, and many times this non-accepting view cause discrimination towards homosexuals. Is homosexuality a way for some people to deviate, or is it just the way some people need to live their lives? If that is the way of life for some people than society has to become accepting towards this lifestyle. Homosexuals are a minority since they differ from the accepted sexual orientation. They become objects of discrimination and contempt. Some of societies anti-homosexual attitudes come from homophobia. Homophobia is â€Å"the irrational fears of homosexuality in others, the fear of homosexual feelings within oneself, or self-loathing because of one’s homosexuality. It stems from ignorance and popular myths that give rise to homosexual prejudice†(Crooks 255). Homophobia is expressed in many ways, both subtle and direct. Telling jokes about queers, belittling their lifestyle, denying them housing, employment, membership into organizations, and engaging in violence against homosexuals. Heterosexuals also express homophobia by avoiding acts that would cause people to think they were gay. It affects men the most like this because it hinders male friendships. Men do not want to get too close to their male friends, or express emotions because they might be considered gay. Homophobia restricts the lives of both gay and straight people. Laws against homosexual behaviors have been very punitive. In the American colonies homosexuals were put to death by burning or drowning. Sodomy, which is oral or anal sex, was against the law in the United States until 1961. Illinois became the first state to repeal the sodomy laws. Now only 13 states continue to have sodomy laws. Even though these laws apply to all segments of the population, they are usually enforced against homosexual men. † Sodomy laws are used to harass homosexuals, especially gay men,  because women in general and lesbians in particular are socially invisible in society†(Eitzen 304). An example of the injustice of sodomy laws is the case of Matthew Leeman. He has been sentanced to 17 years in prison under Kansas State sodomy laws. The details of the case are 18 year old Leeman was convicted of giving a 15 year old boy consensual oral sex due to violation of the state’s sodomy laws. In Kansas sex with any minor is illegal, but there is also a Romeo and Juliet law that states sex with a minor is less of an offense if there is little age difference. Therefore if Leeman had given consensual oral sex to a 15 year old girl he would have received a 12 month sentance. But under the sodomy laws all same sex activities are illegal regardless of age, so the Romeo and Juliet exception does not apply to him. The case was appealed all the way to the Kansas State Supreme Court with the ruling upheld. So 18 year old Matthew Leeman will be in jail until he is 36 years old. The Supreme Court has upheld the right of states to prohibit sodomy in the case Bowers v. Hardwick in 1986. Recently the Supreme Court has decided it will revisit the issue of whether states can continue to prosecute homosexual men for having consensual sex in their homes. A descion is expected in June of 2003. Bars where homosexuals frequent are often raided by the police and many are arrested under the sodomy laws. This practice makes it difficult for homosexuals when they apply for jobs. Applications for employment ask if a person has a criminal record. Since some gays have records for violation sodomy laws, they must write it on their application. Both these offenses, having a record and being gay, makes employment less likely. Homosexuals, especially males, are highly discriminated against in activities considered to be super manly. Up until recently a person could not be gay in the military. Homosexuals were honorably discharged from the military. In 1993 President Clinton attempted to change this tradition. He received much opposition from politicians, citizens and the military. The result was a compromise, a don’t ask, don’t tell rule. This meant that the military personal was not to inquire about sexual preference, and that service members were not to be blatant about their sexual orientation. Another macho activity is sports. Gay men in sport have not been accepted. † There is much at stake in maintaining the silence about gay men in sports and in  discouraging gay male athletes from revealing their identities†(Coakley 234). To even talk about homosexuals in sports would threaten the system of gender classification. The fact is though there are homosexuals in sports and they are discriminated against. In the locker room athletes use anti- gay banter as part of daily life. Homosexuals in sports live in fear of the truth about their sexuality coming out. Although recently studies have shown that organized sports are becoming less homophobic. People in sports are becoming more tolerant of homosexuals. But the value of a homosexual athlete is of core importance. † Gay athletes with high human capital are much more likely to come out of the closet to their teams than are gay athletes with medium or low human capital†(Anderson 12). As homosexuals are slowly accepted by society, the gender lines that inhibit so many will slowly be erased. Another way homosexuals are discriminated against is through family rights. No State in America allows marriage between members of the same sex. Aside from the emotional benefits, there are legal benefits that come with marriage. Health insurance coverage, inheritance of property, and tax benefits are just a few advantages that come with a legally recognized relationship. Parenthood is another aspect of life that homosexuals are disadvantaged. The rights of gay parents are usually denied. When two people divorce it is most often the mother that gains more custody. â€Å"However if the mother is an acknowledged lesbian, this may jeopardize her claim to custody†(Crooks 266). A homosexual man has an even harder time gaining custody, because he has a double disadvantage. Many gay couples are also denied the right to adopt children; in some states it is even illegal. Some lesbian couples have children through artificial insemination. The problem with this is that only the mother of the child is legally recognized as the parent. There are only eight states that â€Å"second-parent adoptions by lesbians and gays have been approved in California, Oregon, Alaska, Washington, New York, New Jersey, Massachusetts, and Washington D.C.†(Strong 356). Being homosexual should not prohibit people from raising a legally recognized family. There are two ways that homosexuals deal with living in a hostile society.  The first is to conceal their sexual preference from the world. When they are in the straight world they act heterosexual, and only within the confines of privacy do they act gay. The second strategy is to be a gay liberationist. Instead of keeping their sexuality a secret, they are openly gay at all times. They challenge societal norms in hopes that there will be a change in attitudes. Gay liberationist rose about in the early 1970s, after an event that took place earlier. On June 28, 1969, the police raided Stonewall Inn, a gay hangout. Instead of dispersing as usual, the customers rioted. This incident drew a lot of needed attention to problems of police harassment that homosexuals faced. â€Å"In effect Stonewall resistance came to symbolize the birth of the modern gay rights movement†(Eitzen 312). Since Stonewall there have been many positive changes for gay rights. Now there are laws to protect the rights of homosexuals, where as before they had no laws protecting them. More and more people are coming out of the closet and are proud to be gay (A). As time continues homosexual rights will become stronger. This will only happen with the help of heterosexuals. Education is very important in the fight for gay rights. People must be informed that homosexuality is not a disease, or a sin; it is just the way of life for some people. Homosexuals are not monsters who should be put to death. Homosexuality has been around since before the written word, and each society deals with it differently. Our own society is not accepting of it. These are just humans who have a different sexual preferences than the members of normal society. Homosexuals have relationships, families, and even children, most of which are happy and healthy. They do things heterosexuals do such as serve in the armed forces and play sports. Yet society discriminates against them, even to the point of violence. Even though gay activists have made some difference in how society views their lifestyles, it is not enough. There needs to be more of a change. We as society should be more accepting of these people. If not we are the ones being deviant, with our policies of discrimination and harassment. Work Cited. Anderson, Eric. Openly Gay Athletes: Dealing with hegemonic Masculinity And Homophobia. University of California Coakley, Jay. â€Å"Sport in Society: Issues and Controversies† 7th ed. Boston: McGrawHill, 2001. Crooks, Robert. Our Sexuality. 6th ed. Pacific Grove: Brooks and Cole, 1996. Curtan, Jim. â€Å"Gay Liberation=Spiritual Liberation.† Genre 81 (2000): 74. Eitzen, D. Stanley. Social Problems. 7th ed. Boston: Allyn and Bacon, 1997. Strong, Bryan. The Marriage and Family Experience, Intimate Relationships in a Changing Society. 7th ed. Belmont: Wadsworth, 1998.

Gaining Wisdom Through Suffering Essay

Wisdom is a difficult thing to define and understand. It’s easily recognized when people have experienced it. Wisdom is a tricky thing to obtain. Wisdom is the quality of having experience, knowledge, and good judgment. King Lear was foolish in the beginning of the play, but in the end he gained wisdom from his mistakes. Morrie from Tuesdays with Morrie was wise in the beginning of the book and became wiser in the end. Through suffering King Lear and Morrie obtained wisdom. ?At the beginning of the play, Lear was a selfish man. Power was very important to him. Suffering turned Lear from a selfish man wanted to be treated as a king without having the responsibilities that come with running a kingdom, to a man that comes to realize his morals and values. Lear gave away his kingdom to Gonerial and Regan but still wanted the same status and power of king. Lear gained wisdom through his mistakes of banishing his youngest daughter, Cordelia. Lear comes to the realization of his foolishness in act three. For instance, â€Å"Let thunder rumble! Let lightning spit fire! The rain, the wind, the thunder and lightning are not my daughters. Nature, I don’t accuse your weather of unkindness. I never gave a kingdom or raised you as my child, and you don’t owe me any obedience. † Here King Lear is coming to terms of his mistake of giving away his kingdom to the wrong people. He then goes on â€Å"So go ahead and have your terrifying fun. Here I am, your slave a poor, sick, weak, hated, old man. But I can still accuse you of kowtowing, taking my daughter’s side, against me, ancient as I am. Oh, it’s foul! In this scene Lear is in the storm with Kent and the fool. In this act the king is turning from an arrogant man to a noble man. It takes king Lear a complete breakdown to realize his mistake. ?Next, Lear gained wisdom through insanity and the cruelness of his to eldest daughters. For example, his eldest daughter Gonerial humiliates his loyal messenger Kent. Lear is telling kent his own flesh and blood would never commit such an act. â€Å"They durst not do’t. They could not, would not do’t. ‘Tis worse than murder to do upon respect such violent outrage. Resolve me with all modest haste which way thou mightst deserve or they impose this usage, coming from us. † (II iv 16-20). In this scene Kent was telling the king how his own daughter betrayed him. Lear is astonished that they would want to humiliate him and is realizing he is losing his status as king. ?Morrie also gains wisdom through suffering. In addition, Morrie was wise from the start but through his sickness he gained more wisdom. Morrie says to Mitch, â€Å"Truth is Mitch, once you learn how to die, you learn how to live. (Albom 82). Morrie learned to accept his sickness and that he is going to die. Once he learned to accept it he was able to live. He lives his life to the fullest he realized little things that you should be taking advantage of. Morrie used aphorisms to say how he lived his life. One of the aphorisms he told Mitch was, â€Å"Accept what you are able to do and what you are not able to do. † (Albom 18). You forget about everything that doesn’t matter and you just learn how to live life. His illness helped him to gain wisdom and to live life the fullest. ? Lastly, Morrie embraces his life. In order to gain wisdom one must experience suffering. Morries suffering from ALS caused him to grow weaker physically; however, it made him a stronger person mentally and emotionally. Furthermore, Morrie says, â€Å"Don’t assume it’s too late to get involved. † (Albom 18). This quote shows us that even though Morrie had a sickness taking his life away, he still made a difference for other people. He didn’t lie around pitying himself. Morrie embraced his life rather than fearing life. By way of example, Morries tells Mitch, â€Å"Mitch, I embrace aging† (Albom 118). This means he isn’t afraid of growing old, he embraces the years of life he has left. In conclusion, despite being very different in both characters and beliefs, both King Lear and Morrie acquire wisdom through suffering. Wisdom is comes when someone experiences it. Wisdom is the quality of having good judgement, knowledge, and having experienced hardships. Wisdom is hard to understand.

Character Development and True Love in Anton Chekhov’s “The Lady with the Dog”

A study of the theme of true love and character development in the lady with the dog by Anton Chekhov In 1899, Anton Chekhov published a short story of two lovers’ clandestine affair called â€Å"The Lady with the Dog†. Dmitri Dmitritch Gurov, the story’s main character, sees a young woman walking a dog on the sea-front in Yalta. It is said that everyone calls her the lady with the dog. One day, the lady sits next to Dmitri and he strikes up a conversation with her. He learns that her name is Anna Sergeyevna, and that she is visiting Yalta on vacation. He also learns that she is married, like himself. Over the course of a week, Dmitri and Anna grow close and spend a lot of time together. Dmitri, being used to affairs with many different women, sees Anna no differently from the rest at first. However, as time moves along and Anna is urged to return home, Dmitri realizes that his affair has turned into something much greater. For the first time, Dmitri feels as though he is in love. The character development of Dmitri in this story is used to support the progressio n of the main theme, true love. In the beginning of the story, Dmitri’s characterization of being withdrawn and a philanderer supports the conclusion that he has a lack of love in his life. Chekhovs description reveals that he is unhappy with his current situation. He looks down on women, especially his wife, and seems to dislike everything about his home and family. The narrator says, â€Å"[†¦] he secretly considered her [his wife] unintelligent, narrow, inelegant [†¦] and did not like to be at home. He had begun being unfaithful to her long ago – had been unfaithful to her often, and probably on that account, almost always spoke ill of women, and when they were talked about in his presence, used to call them ‘the lower race’† (252). It is made clear that Dmitri really has no true feelings towards his wife other than the ill-willed ones. He tends to view women as below him, and treats them as objects as seen clear by his multiple affairs. It would be fair to say that Dm itri is cold and unloving at this point in the story. This is spoken of in a literary overview: â€Å"Gurov at first seems to be a shallow philanderer whose view of women shows him to be without emotional or spiritual depth†. He has no regard for the women he is involved with physically. There is no emotional connection formed, even with his own wife. Many of these personality traits of being cold and disconnected can be attributed to the lack of love, or any form of strong positive emotion, in Dmitri’s life. As time progresses with the affair, and Dmitri begins developing feelings for Anna, his personality changes dramatically. He begins to look at Anna as more than just another women. He shows his feelings, and his perspective on the world around him change. Dmitri goes from being bored and disconnected to being fascinated and deeply involved: â€Å"He told Anna Sergeyevna how beautiful she was, how fascinating. He was impatiently passionate, he would not move a step away from her†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Chekhov 256). Dmitri is in love; although he does not realize this. He is no longer looking at Anna the way he views his past affairs. He is even holding her in a higher light than he does his own wife. As well as having stronger and more positive feelings towards Anna, Dmitri is having more positive feelings towards the world: â€Å"In reality everything is beautiful in this world when one reflects [†¦]† (Chekhov 256). His natural and uncontrolled feelings towards Anna are making h im a happier, or at least more content, person. The world that was once so boring and bland is now something beautiful. Dmitri’s personality and behavior change represent the presence of true love, whether noticed by Dmitri or not. The change in Dmitri’s personality due to true love, or the lack thereof, is seen again in the story when Anna leaves to return to her husband. At first, still believing the affair is somewhat like the others, Dmitri returns to Moscow in a good mood. As a month goes by, he is convinced that the memory of Anna will fade away and he will no longer be affected by her. However, much to his dismay, Anna never strays from his mind. The narrator says, â€Å"[†¦] From time to time [Anna] would visit him in his dreams with a touching smile as others did. But more than a month passed [†¦] and everything was still clear in his memory [†¦.] Anna Sergeyevna did not visit him in dreams, but followed him about everywhere like a shadow and haunted him† (257). At this point, Dmitri is beginning to realize that something is different about Anna. Something new is happening that has obviously never happened before. Even when Dmitri is around his children he thinks of Anna. S he is the only thing on his mind. Dmitri acknowledges that with previous affairs he would think of the women for only a month and then continue on as though nothing happened. However, with Anna a month has already passed and the memory of her is still fresh. Dmitri takes this heavily, and begins a downward spiral. He tries to carry out his life, but the thought of Anna prevails and he is paralyzed. Literary critic, Erik Huber, comments on this moment, â€Å"He wants to speak to others of his feelings for her, but nobody will listen. This eventually leads him to a great feeling of disgust [†¦.] Gurov is so ‘indignant’ after this moment of personal crisis that he cannot sleep and finds that he is ‘fed up’ with his job and his children. He has no desire to do anything†. The fact that Dmitri is not with Anna is preventing him from living his life. He has become so involved with her and he is emotionally connected to her. His life in Moscow seems dis gusting and uneventful. He no longer wants to carry out his life the way he has for so many years. This indicates that something has changed; and that change is Dmitri is in love. Besides the apparent change in personality and behavior, Dmitri’s age and appearance, and his acknowledgment of Anna represent true love as well. In the beginning of the short story, Dmitri simply calls Anna â€Å"’the lady with the dog’† (251). This can be attributed to the fact that Dmitri is not emotionally connected with Anna, nor is he planning to be. He does not give her a name in order to keep her distant. As the relationship evolves, Dmitri calls her by her name. This action makes things personal, and signifies Dmitri’s growing love for Anna. In relation to this, when the reader is briefly introduced to Dmitri’s wife, her name is never mentioned. This represents the fact that Dmitri does not have a strong emotional connection to her. The only woman’s name in the story is Anna’s because Anna is the only woman Dmitri has ever loved. Going back to the beginning of the story, when Chekhov introduces Dmitri, he speaks of his ease in attracting women; â€Å"In his appearance, in his character, in his whole nature, there was something attractive and elusive which allured women and disposed them in his favour† (252). Dmitri has no problem attracting women. There is something about him that attracts them, and he is very aware of this. It seems as if he uses the attraction to pull women in to the affairs he has. This attractiveness is how he allures Anna. In contrast, near the end of the story, Dmitri sees himself in the mirror and sees how much he has changed. Chekhov writes, â€Å"At that moment he saw himself in the looking-glass. His hair was already beginning to turn grey. And it seemed strange to him that he had grown so much older, so much plainer during the last few years†¦. Why did she love him so much?† (262). Dmitri looks distinctly different than he had when he first met Anna. His looks and age leave him questioning why Anna loves him. He speaks of how all the years of him bein g with women while he was young never left him with a feeling quite like the one Anna leaves him with. When he was more attractive and young, love had not yet reached him. Now, older and less handsome, he has finally found love. His appearance represents this change and journey to finding true love. Dmitri’s character development, whether it be behavioral or physical, represents the transition to, and the theme of, true love in the short story â€Å"The Lady with the Dog†. Through Dmitri’s first encounter with Anna, their involved affair, her return home, and their continuation, Dmitri changes and evolves as a character. He grows older in appearance and personality, begins to see the world differently, and begins to see Anna differently; all because he is falling in love for the first time. This development is used to support the theme of true love in the story because Dmitri is shown to change with the growth of his love for Anna. Works Cited Chekhov, Anton. â€Å"The Lady with the Dog.† The Norton Production to Literature. 11th ed. Ed. Kelly J. Mays. New York: W. W. Norton Company, Inc, 2013. 251-262. Print. Huber, Erik. An overview of â€Å"The Lady with the Pet Dog†. Gale Online Encyclopedia. Detroit: Gale, 2015. Literature Resource Center. Web. 17 Sept. 2015. The Lady with the Dog. Short Story Criticism. Ed. Jelena O. Krstovic. Vol. 102. Detroit: Gale, 2008. Literature Resource Center. Web. 17 Sept. 2015.

Public relations officer interview Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Public relations officer interview - Essay Example The Richmond Veterans Hospital offers services to over two hundred thousand veterans who dwell in the central and southern parts of North Carolina. Their services are offered in their outpatient clinics that have been located in Emporia, Charlottesville and Fredericksburg. The Hunter Holmes Hospital was actually the first hospital in VA to execute heart transplants on its patients. The Richmond VAMC is also the hospital that offers patients suffering from heart failure with medical care throughout the country. In addition, the hospital offers a variety of services to its patients that range from comprehensive outpatient care to the multifaceted inpatient services like heart, kidney, liver and lung transplantations. The medical facility also provides medical care to patients suffering from traumatic spinal and brain injuries. The hospital has about 415 operating beds and an acute care department, mental health services and nursing home. In addition, a new polytrauma transitional rehab ilitation center was recently opened to assist injured veterans adjust to living normal lives (US Department of Veteran Affairs, 2012). Ms. Edwards, the public relations officer at the Richmond Veterans Hospital plays various roles on behalf of the facility. ... situation with the police officers, determine who and how the family of the deceased should be informed and deliver a statement to the hospital staff and the press. In another instance, an employee who was engaged to another employee fell out with his fiancee and shot his fiancees cousin as they arrived at the facility (the cousin was a veteran who had been receiving cancer treatment and was killed). Ms. Edwards immediately communicated with the police, offered statements to the press and communicated the situation to the hospital’s employees. On the same day that I interviewed Ms. Edwards, the assailant was in court pleading not guilty though she ensured that the employees who had been affected by the incident were okay. The Richmond VAMC hosted the wheelchair Olympics this summer with Ms. Edwards being put in charge of coordinating the event which took a great deal of her time and energy. Prior to the event she resided at the downtown Marriot hotel which was the center for o perations for this event. She was charged with the tasks of directing the events, the staff members, various organizers, participants, medical staff and everyone else who was a part of the event. The public relations officer for the Richmond VAMC was also responsible for arranging the itinerary and making clearances with the hospital’s director when public figures like Michelle Obama visited the facility. According to the WWBT news, the first lady, Michelle Obama’s visit to the Richmond region came less than three months after the president had visited. It was a high profile visit to the state which was considered an important swing state during the coming elections. The news channel reported that at around lunchtime on Wednesday, the country’s first lady would attend a high profile

DEVELOPING PERSONAL,SOCIAL AND EMOTIONAL SKILLS IN THE OUTDOOR PLAY Essay

DEVELOPING PERSONAL,SOCIAL AND EMOTIONAL SKILLS IN THE OUTDOOR PLAY - Essay Example On the upper side the ground, there is this large field meant for football and sometimes used rugby. On the lower side of the ground, there is this other field where basketball, table tennis, badminton, netball and other games were being played. On the far end of the school compound, there is this small fenced compound where the school’s agricultural club is situated. Here, there is this structure made of iron sheets that is used for chicken rearing. The other structure was one meant for keeping rabbit while the third structure was for pigs. Away from this corner with these structures, on the opposite side, there’s this area made with benches and a cool shade meant for outdoor reading and for people to relax, at times when watching the matches in the lower playground. The school also has another section where there are these tree nurseries to develop tree seedlings meant for school beautification and tree planting. Right behind the agricultural club structures, there is his big field that is also demarcated and used as a garden. In this garden, the school has planted various vegetable crops like lettuce, coriander, pepper, kales and cabbages among others. The other side of the garden has these beautiful lines full of fruit trees such as mangoes, oranges, peach, papaw, lemon and apples. Everything in this planting area just looks awesome because it makes the school seem not like one. The fruits and vegetables are meant for teaching lessons, eating as well as being sold to the students and nearby market in order to earn some income for the school that can support the project. These projects are also meant for outdoor activities as they expose the students a lot on how they can do other meaningful activities outside the classroom work (EDEN, 1998). The main purpose of the school being started up in the area was to provide education opportunity to

Week 2 Productivity Ctrl and Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Week 2 Productivity Ctrl and - Essay Example Productive Activity Control (PAC) involves the conversion of plans into actions, revising the plans and actions intended to achieve the desired results and the report of the achieved results. PAC system, therefore, demands suitable prior planning of materials, orders, the personnel and the capacity requirements. PAC system manages materials, equipments and resources properly according to delivery or allocated time for specific orders (Adam & Sammon, 2003). PAC has three major functions which include order dispatching, release and progress reporting. Dispatching involves activation of orders according to the original plans, which can be affected by I/O control, queue management or the principles and techniques of prior control. Dispatching decision helps in managing queue length, lead-time, the scheduled order completion and work center idle time. Material Requirements Planning is the system essential in avoidance of the missing parts. MRP establishes a priority plan highlighting the require components at all levels of assembly according to lead times where it calculates the time when the components will be required. MRP has two main objectives which include requirement’s determination and keeping the priorities updated. The main aim of MRP system is to acquire right materials in desired quantities at the appropriate time in order to meet product’s demand of the firm. The MRP system should also be capable of expediting, changing, delaying, and deleting orders because of the daily changes of demand and supply. The feedback effects from PAC to MRP include warning signals and status information. Warning signals assists in material and capacity plans. MRP system should be fed with the plan and control of raw materials while in processing state (Adam & Sammon, 2003). Lead time is the overall period needed to produce an item, including queue time, order preparation time, move time, setup time, inspection time, run

Alcohol Control Issue Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Alcohol Control Issue - Essay Example Heavy drinking causes lethal damage to the body where it is a risk factor for diseases like cancer, liver cirrhosis, and heart problems. Alcoholism and alcohol abuse also has negative and devastating social consequences. Alcoholics have high chances of getting divorced, are more vulnerable to domestic violence, struggle much with employment and live in absurd poverty (Boyle, 2013). One effect that an alcohol abuser cannot escape is the effect on personal relationships. The problem of alcoholism puts enormous strains to all the people surrounding the alcoholic. It mostly tasks family members and close friends with covering the alcoholic. The burden is covered between people who do not take alcohol and children suffer from trauma in case the alcoholic is a parent or caregiver. Alcohol abuse has damaging effects on the brain that include memory lapses, blackouts and other types of brain damage. With these adverse effects of alcoholism and alcohol abuse, alcohol control ways were established to minimize the effects on society (Boyle, 2013). Alcoholism is said to be a fatal illness whose medical cure is yet to be known. Alcohol control has been enacted right from its production, marketing as well as consumption. The control measures may also have effects on limiting competition and create a partial monopoly. This will in return increase profits for the ones that remain in the market. With some considerations, alcohol controls may, therefore, put some economic interests at stake. Professional means of alcohol control through rehab centers could also act effectively in reducing alcohol-related dangers (Boyle, 2013). The controls are therefore inevitable in this modern society. Some alcohol control methods include; Price of alcohol plays a major role in influencing the level of consumption and its subsequent related harm.

Dangers of Obesity Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Dangers of Obesity - Research Paper Example e quality of life and, ultimately, result to death, but because it has become acceptable due to cultural beliefs and practices that promote excessive/unhealthy food and beverage consumption and sedentary lifestyles. Obesity is more than a physical disorder because it is a product of modern life that is geared towards lack of responsibility for one’s health, a healthcare industry that continues to prioritize treatment of illnesses over prevention, social practices of convenience and sedentary living, and an environment that promotes inactivity and unhealthy consumption beliefs and practices. Obesity is a danger to human life because it leads to the development of various illnesses and social and emotional consequences. Obesity is connected to many illnesses. Robert Sturm compared the effects of obesity, overweight, smoking, and problem drinking on health care use and health status using national survey data. He learned that obesity is highly associated with having chronic medical conditions, lower health-related quality of life, and higher health care and medication spending than smoking or problem drinking (Sturm 249). Viren Swami reviews literature on obesity and notes that, according to numerous studies, obesity is a â€Å"risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, adult-onset diabetes, hypertension, endometrial, ovarian, and breast cancer, and gall bladder disease† (3), and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services confirms these risk factors of obesity. Obesity endangers people’s health by leading to both lower duration and quality of life. In ad dition, being obese exposes people to prejudice and discrimination. Rebecca Puhl and Kelly D. Brownell studied discrimination against obese individuals. They learned that discrimination is present in three aspects of society: â€Å"employment, education, and health care† (Puhl and Brownell 788). In particular, some teachers think that being obese is the worst that can happen to people, people are less likely to

Duke Children's Hospital Balanced Scorecard Essay

Duke Children's Hospital Balanced Scorecard - Essay Example A Balanced scorecard therefore aids in achieving the firm’s strategic priorities and goals. In developing a balance scorecard, Duke Children’s Hospital had an established strategy: â€Å"perk up communications to perk up quality of health care while reducing expenses.† The organization sought to use the balanced scorecard in evaluating its business processes and stakeholder relationship due to its meditated impacts on business organizations. Duke Children’s Hospital employed the strategy of evaluating and examining its past records such as patient satisfaction survey data, in establishing the balanced scorecard. As a result of its anticipated positive results, the staff generally took it positively and was patient to reap the fruits. Analysis In the Duke Children’s Hospital, the developed BSC methodology started with the development of the strategic plan and a mission. The senior management were involved in setting the strategic goals and provided c redible support for the project. The key metrics for measuring performance were then developed and established. The process was concluded by developing initiatives that were pointed towards enhancing performance and to support the realization of the set strategic goals. The Balance Scorecard was set to act as an important platform to spearhead the incorporation of the principal methodologies, initiatives, and the established procedures across critical perspectives. Even though financial performance is a critical issue in any organization, the major focus of Duke Children’s Hospital over the balance scorecard was on clinical quality and patient safety. This interest is well executed in the organization’s mission and vision. In order to thrive as planned, Duke Children’s Hospital was compelled to make a number of changes with regard to the balance scorecard. First, the initial principal concern for the organization just like any other (financial interest) was inte rchanged as key concern and instead they focused more on the patient safety and clinical quality. This was altered from the normal arrangement perspective whereby the â€Å"Financial† interest was initially first, and was instead moved to position three while â€Å"Quality and Patient Safety† took the top position. Further, its significance and value was well indicated and stressed. Another change that was observed in the business process is that of linking goals with performance metrics. After the strategic plan was defined, the organization took the responsibility to determine specific goals which were then linked to each strategic perspective. Duke Children’s Hospital also sought to limit the goal to a smaller number for the purpose of maintaining focus on initiatives meant to drive the strategic plan. Specific metrics which were meant to be measured and collected after every four months were then defined and linked to the goals. In doing this, a number of me asures were employed to determine a manageable process. For instance, the metrics were derived from a variety of kept records of the organization. This involved retrieving the initial patient safety database derived from internal safety reporting systems, initial financial and hospital operational database, and the past patient satisfaction survey data, among others. Conclusion The establishment of the balance score

The Relevance of Victim's Volunary to a Charge of Rape Essay

The Relevance of Victim's Volunary to a Charge of Rape - Essay Example The Act replaced the Sexual Offences Act 1956, and all its amendments. The said Act saw the evolution of the definition of rape – the actus reus – from its original definition in the Sexual Offences Act 1956 which was â€Å"unlawful sexual intercourse with a woman† to â€Å"penile penetration of the vagina, anus or mouth of another person without their consent.† The inclusion of the anus and mouth as body parts renders it now legally possible for a male to be raped, but the retention of the word â€Å"penile† limits the defendant in a charge of rape to only male. The charge of â€Å"assault by penetration† is used to cover circumstances wherein objects other than a penis are forcibly inserted into the aforementioned orifices, and exacts the same penalty as rape. The next issue is the â€Å"mens rea† or the guilty mind – this means that the person accused of committing the crime knew that he was committing the crime. In the conte xt of rape, it means he knew that he did not secure the victim or the complainant’s consent when he proceeded with having sexual congress with her. In the past, UK law relied upon the â€Å"mistaken belief clause† which was in the case Morgan4 in 1976. Here, the accused men were informed by the husband that his wife would struggle and say ‘no’, but they should just continue because she was in truth enjoying it. Whilst they were eventually convicted anyway, the case set a troubling precedent: if there was an honest belief engendered in a man’s mind that a woman consented to sex, even if that belief is unreasonable, the requirement of men rea is unsatisfied and therefore the rape charge will not prosper. Westmarland (2004: 7) provides a succinct summary of the definition of rape in the Sexual Offences Act 2003, to wit: The... The research looks at the feminist critique of the rape law, as it is framed. Feminists who have called for the reform of rape law have demonstrated that â€Å"the law of rape historically has regulated competing male interests in controlling sexual access to females, rather than protecting women’s interest in controlling their own bodies and sexuality†. This is a fascinating proposition, and jibes with the conflict theory of criminal justice, which looks as criminal laws as having an agenda supportive of a dominant class. In the case of rape, the dominant class might be the male gender. This paper proceeds to look into the whole issue surrounding involuntary intoxication, which goes into the heart of the notion of consent. Whilst there are differing opinions as to whether or consent is a state of mind, or it is an action, either way, alcohol ingestion makes consent problematic. If consent is a state of mind, alcohol at a certain level addles and distorts the mind in a state of inebriation. If consent is an action, alcohol has behaviour-altering effects and can impair speech and physical movement in such a manner that consent becomes ambiguous. To use the definition given by Cowan, â€Å"to be in a state of intoxication means that one’s mental and physical capacities are substantially altered from one’s ‘sober’ state, through the ingestion of intoxicating substances. To better understand the situation at hand, researchers look at the two important cases of R v. Dougal and R v. Bree.

My First Day in Mrsm Taiping Essay Example for Free

My First Day in Mrsm Taiping Essay My entire life change in a blink of an eye after I was accepted into MRSM. I was very happy and nervous. I never thought that I was accepted into MRSM Tiping because I’m apllying for MRSM Balik Pulau. I know nothing about this school. I knew that MRSM Taiping is a smart school after I step my legs here. I thought all MRSM are the same, the best. After the registration process settled, I went to check out my room. It was preety cool~ at that moment I started to feel full of grief as my parents would left me alone ? My dad and mom unpacked all my things. see more:paragraph on my first day at school Then, I secretly went to toilet and crying alone in the toilet without my parents knowledge~ Hahaha. That was so shameful when I thought about it again. I never told my parents about this. I cried a lot when I gave my parents goodbye. It took about half an hour for me to let my parents go. It was the hardest time for me as I’m very close to my family. I was being pampered by my dad and mom but that doesn’t mean I cannot managed myself. My dad said I have to leave my family because I want to success in my life. I would remember that words if I felt like I want to go back. After my parents leave, I went back to dorm and try to make friends. Then I have a conversation with Zai and we started being friend. I went to Dewan Selera for dinner. All the foods were nice. Eventhough it were not as good as my mom’s cooking, it’s still better than my former school food. It was seriously bad! Haha I think I was so cruel to say that words~ At first, I had a terrible homesick but all my friend can peace me up especially Zai and Afza. Thanks to them I still being here ? I think that’s all I can share with you guys. I hope I can perfome better here and prove to my friends that MRSM Taiping is the best.

The Sound of the Sea Essay Example for Free

The Sound of the Sea Essay â€Å"The Sound of the Sea† is a sonnet by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, describing the sounds of the sea and relating it to human inspiration. Through only auditory images of the sea and other powerful natural forces, Longfellow effectively alludes to the nature of human inspiration. Through detailed and sensory imagery, Longfellow communicates the subtle details of the human soul and how inspiration functions. The Sound of the Sea† consists of fourteen lines and a particular rhyme scheme (abba abba cde cde). The first eight lines of the poem consist of one drawn out sentence, which is the description of the sound of the sea and other natural forces, which then in the final sestet, which also consists of only one sentence, are used by Longfellow as a metaphor to allude to the inspirations of the human soul. The change in the rhyme scheme of the sonnet and the two concrete sentences, serve to aid this transition from description of the sea to meditation on the source of inspiration. Longfellow uses this depiction of the sea to communicate the nature of human inspiration, which he claims comes to us from an unvisited and solitary space in our soul and though we credit it to ourselves, it is in fact something beyond our control or understanding, something of a divine nature. With the starting line, Longfellow effectively conveys this concept that inspiration comes from an â€Å"inaccessible† space within us by describing the sea as having â€Å"awoken† at â€Å"midnight†, as midnight is associated with the center of the night, the dark and the unknown, this suggesting that inspiration is aroused within dark dimensions of ourselves, somewhere our conscious mind has not strayed. This also suggests that the sea, whose many vast dark depths remain unexplored, represents this unknown space within our soul, and this imagery is furthered by the description of the wave of the tide rushing onto the â€Å"the pebbly beaches far and wide†. Beaches are the extremities of the sea, where land, a terrain very well known to us, begins and sea ends, and this imagery suggests that these beaches are the edge of our consciousness. Furthermore the labial sounds of the letters â€Å"p† and â€Å"b† in â€Å"pebbly beaches† give an uneven pronunciation to the words, which are contrasted with the smooth drawn out â€Å"ar†, â€Å"ide† sounds in the words far, wide and tide. This contrast serves to communicate the scattered nature of our consciousness with the unity, elegance and fluidity of our subconscious. Furthermore, these drawn out sounds serve to also further the imagery of the tide’s â€Å"uninterrupted sweep† which is particularly effective in conveying the image of the wave rushing to envelope the shore, the word â€Å"uninterrupted† conveying this sense that the wave of inspiration is all smooth and relentless. This imagery is furthered by the 3 line-long segment, uninterrupted by punctuation. Yet, the central point made in these four lines is when the speaker states that â€Å"(he) heard† the waves. The description of the sea gives you a mental image, but Longfellow stresses upon the fact that the speaker only hears the tide, as this can be seen reflected in the title of the poem â€Å"The Sound of the Sea†. Hearing is an auditory action that allows one to be aware of the presence of the object through the sound, but not visually or physically grasp it. This suggests that inspiration is similar, in the sense that one can be aware of it but cannot consciously grasp, control or dominate it. In the fourth line, Longfellow states that it’s â€Å"A voice† from the â€Å"silence of the deep†. Here, the reader once again encounters this concept of being limited to only the auditory senses, yet in this instance, a â€Å"voice† is something distinctly human. The concept of a voice you can listen to and follow, but not see the source, is usually associated with a divine presence. This concept is solidified by the description in the following line, describing it as a sound â€Å"mysteriously multiplied†, as the word mysterious suggests that its provenance is not known and the word multiplied insinuates this multiplication of the strength of the voice, communicating a sense of power. This sense of power is furthered by the natural descriptions in the two consecutive lines, where the voice is compared to a â€Å"cataract from the mountain’s side† and a â€Å"roar of winds upon a wooded steep†. Both these descriptions are natural phenomenons of immense power, and who’s sources one can’t see, the wind being invisible and the cataract having its source deep within the mountain. These four lines can be related to the last four lines of the poem, where it claims that these inspirations aren’t our own, but some â€Å"divine foreshadowing and foreseeing of things beyond our reason or control†. This insinuates that this inspiration is in fact some sort of divine glimmer, a voice shedding light, and that these divine influences are like the tide, beyond our human understanding or control. There is a cyclical pattern in the poem, where the content of the first four lines with rhyme scheme abab, are tied with the content of the first three lines with the rhyme scheme cde and conversely between the second and fourth part of the poem. The first and third part of the poem insinuate that inspiration comes from within an unknown part of your soul, conveyed through imagery of the sea, and the second and fourth part convey the sense that these inspirations are actually due to a divine presence, communicated through imagery of powerful natural occurrences. These two concepts are intrinsically interlinked, and Longfellow uses this poem structure to further this concept, which is that inspiration comes from within you because God is within you, and he uses natural imagery to communicate God within nature. In conclusion, â€Å"The Sound of the Sea† effectively creates a parallel between the metaphor of the sound of the sea with the divine nature of inspiration. Longfellow does so effectively through finely detailed imagery that gives rather precise insight into the human soul.

Impact Of Education System On Social Class Opportunity Sociology Essay

Impact Of Education System On Social Class Opportunity Sociology Essay What is social mobility? Drawing on different perspectives, assess the impact of the education system on opportunities and life chances on the basis of social class. What implications does this have for the work of helping agencies? Social mobility simply describes how people move along the social ladder. For this to happen there must necessarily be some form of social class in place. Social class occurs everywhere, even in the poorest communities. Take a typical village in Ghana for example, you will find that probably the village palm wine tapper or renowned farmer may be at the top of the social ladder; by village standards, they are the rich guys; these in addition could also serve as money lenders or movers and shakers. In the middle of the social ladder in the said village you might find the middle class who constitutes probably the majority of villagers with average incomes making just about enough from their farming or other vocations to make ends meet. Of course, at the bottom of this ladder will be the lower classes that have no jobs or qualifications and are at the mercy of the rich palm wine tapper. Social mobility describes how the classes move from their level of class upwards or downwards. This movement could involve the acquisition of new skills or education in the bid to get better jobs and hence get more income. Sometimes movement is caused by for example winning the lottery, an inheritance from parents or relatives or any procedure either deliberate or accidental which moves a person from one class to another. Social mobility or intergenerational mobilityas economists prefer to call it measures the degree to which peoples social status changes between generations. It is seen by many as a measure of the equality of life opportunities, reflecting the extent to which parents influence the success of their children in later life or, on the flipside, the extent to which individuals can make it by virtue of their own talents, motivation and luck. (Blanden J et al 2005) The Sociology guide has described Social mobility as a vital part of social stratification and an inseparable part of social stratification system because the nature, form, range and degree of social mobility depending on the very nature of the stratification system. Stratification system means the process of placing individuals in different layers or strata. (http://www.sociologyguide.com) In a social mobility paper Stephen Aldridge describes social mobility as a movement or opportunities for movement between different social groups and the advantages that go with this in terms of income, security of employment, opportunities for advancement etc. (Aldridge, 2001) There are types of social mobility. Intra-generation is when there has been a change in a persons social position. A typical example will be clerical assistant who works his/her way up in an organisation. However, if a persons social position changes over a generation it is called inter-generation mobility. An example is Margaret Thatcher and many others. She became prime minister as a grocers daughter. There appears to be significant intergenerational mobility in the United States, although perhaps less than is sometimes believed. Origins significantly affect destinations. Specifically, adult sons and daughters are more likely to look like their parents in terms of occupation or income than one would predict on the basis of chance. Still, there is considerable mobility. Indeed, even when occupations or income categories are broadly defined, a majority of adult offspring occupy a different occupational or income category than their parents.(Daniel P et al 1997) Horizontal mobility is another type of social mobility where a person changes their job-related position but does not change social class. An example is where a clerical assistant moves from Wellingborough to London and becomes an administrative officer. Vertical mobility on the hand takes the stage where people change their job-related position and change their social class as well. An example of vertical mobility will be for example a street cleaner becoming a solicitor or an army officer becoming a cleaner. They have fundamentally changed their socio-economic position. There are types of vertical social mobility. If someone moves down the social ladder it becomes downward mobility. When they move up on the social ladder it becomes upward mobility. For example if an Army officer is promoted in rank it becomes an upward mobility. The magazine Business Week in 2007 wrote an article about how mobile phones in Africa are creating high standards of living and boosting upward mobility. Only a few years ago, places like Muruguru didnt even register in the plans of handset makers and service providers. What would a Kenyan farmer want with a mobile phone? Plenty, as it turns out. To the astonishment of the industry, people living on a few dollars a day have proven avid phone users, and in many parts of the world cellular airtime has become a de facto currency. The reason is simple: A mobile phone can dramatically improve living standards by saving wasted trips, providing information about crop prices, summoning medical help, and even serving as a conduit to banking services. (Business Week, 2007) Another recent example of downward mobility is in this article in the telegraph. Though she is married to a builder, the 27-year-old housewife has rickety wooden planks for walls and covers her roof with plastic sheeting to keep out the rain in Harares Hatcliffe suburb far from the neighbourhood where she used to live. Right now I dont have a housing lot, but we are paying money to local co-operatives (to save for a down payment) so we may get lots to build houses, Chama said. And she is far from alone. According to official estimates, around two million Zimbabweans in this country of 12.2 million need accommodation. (Reagan Mashavave, 2009) Another type of social mobility is structural mobility which involves vertical mobility but its movement is brought about by a major disorder. It can also be brought on by changes in society that brings improvement to a large number of people. Typical examples will be industrialisation, expansion of education and computerisation. These changes have all brought improvement to people in the UK and around the world. People have through it acquired higher social status and found higher paid jobs than their parents. There is also individual mobility which involves people being hindered from taking opportunities because of where they were live, their colour, gender, religion, their educational background, job, wellbeing and many others. The impact of the education system on opportunities and life chances on the basis of social class is enormous and hasnt changed much since education began. It is still difficult for working class children to access grammar and good comprehensive schools as the middle class and upper class have populated areas where these schools are placed. Childrens social class is still the most significant factor in determining their exam success in state schools, the Governments head of teacher training acknowledges today. In an interview with The Independent, Graham Holley, the chief executive of the Training and Development Agency, said: The performance of a school and a child in it is highly linked to social class. If you turn the clock back on pupils in school today 15 years and predict their outcomes from where they were born, you can do it. (Garner, 2008) Working class families are tied to the low paid jobs and often live in areas where schools are failing. Jobs are hard to find in these areas and its inhabitants are usually heavily dependant on benefits. Their lives are occupied with how to manage everyday living and not on reading to their children and giving them music and language lessons. The poorest children still have little chance of becoming lawyers, doctors, senior civil servants and financiers, a report published by the Liberal Democrats today shows. The Social Mobility Commission, set up by the party, said billions of pounds spent on improving social mobility over the past decade has helped middle-class rather than working-class children. Last year only 35% of pupils eligible for free school meals obtained five or more A* to C GCSE grades, compared with 63% of pupils from wealthier backgrounds.(Shepherd J, 2009) Disadvantaged children have little chance of watching educational programmes on television nor do they have the chance of reading the broad sheets. They are simply not patronised in their households. Libraries are rarely used and mobile libraries are not highly participated in working class areas. Areas in London for instance have seen various housing developments but they are not in the reach of the low paid. Overcrowding has many implications for the already struggling families as there is often no where to do homework. After school clubs charge for their services leaving low paid families out in the cold. Therefore chances of disadvantaged children reaching high levels of achievement in school are slightly dim. Young people in manual social classes remain under-represented in higher education in Great Britain. Despite increasing from a participation rate of 11 per cent in 1991/92 to 19 per cent in 2001/02, participation remains well below that of the non-manual social classes. Participation rates for the non-manual social classes increased from 35 per cent to 50 per cent over the same period. (http://www.statistics.gov.uk) The consequences of the manual or low class remaining under-represented in higher education is unthinkable as children from these background will experience either downwardly mobile or not move on the social ladder at all as a result of them not entering higher education. Todays job market is very competitive and even those with good qualifications are finding it difficult to hold onto their jobs. It means that most all white collar jobs will be held by the middle class and upper class families. All the independent evidence shows overall standards to be rising. But the bad news is that when it comes to the link between educational achievement and social class, Britain is at the bottom of the league for industrialised countries. Today, three-quarters of young people born into the top social class get five or more good GCSEs, but the figure for those born at the bottom is less than one-third. We have one of the highest university entry rates in the developed world, but also one of the highest drop-out rates at 16.(Independent, 8 September 2003) Anthony Giddens writes in Sociology and Social Mobility that education is not necessarily a means to an end. Education would have to work with other factors to foster social mobility. Education shouldnt be seen as a panacea for all societys problems. It has a significant role to play, but we cant hold schools and Universities solely responsible for promoting social mobility. Its important not to think of the education system as if it works in a vacuum factors like changes in employment and the economy, and the social determinants of childrens educational attainment, are critical in determining patterns of mobility.(Giddens, 2007) However, education definitely has opportunities for people to progress along the social ladder by providing relevant new skills, information, courses and therefore creating opportunities in life for them. A few years back a hair dresser did not need know too much about what she/he did as a hair dresser but in today environment he/she would have to know all the science there is to cutting, dressing and managing the business. Technology and other factors have raised the standard of work so high that without continuous professional development opportunities are not stretch far. In this new labour market, the value of college degrees overall is greater than ever before. Between 1984 and 2000, employment in jobs requiring a college degree grew by 20 million in the US, accounting for two-thirds of total job growth. Over the same period, wages for college graduates increased. In contrast, high school graduates in America who did not continue with education saw their wages fall below middle class levels for the first time. As a consequence, the opportunities for Americans with terminal high school diplomas are less than a generation ago.(Social Mobility Foundation, 2008) Although a small percentage of poor families are accessing higher education there is evidence that the UK government for instance is working frantically to improve the chances of the less privileged through innovations like Every Child Matters. This innovation is to give every child the chance of accessing education and other services in the community to give them better outcomes in life. Hence the establishment of Surestart Centres which is a one stop service for early education, childcare, health and family support. This Government has invested heavily in policies designed to give all children the chance to succeed. There have already been significant improvements in educational achievement, and reductions in teenage pregnancy, re-offending and children living in low income households. Todays children and young people experience wider opportunities and benefit from rising prosperity, better health and education than those in previous generations. (http://www.dcsf.gov.uk/everychildmatters/about/background/backgroun)10) The implications on the work of helping agencies are many. Helping agencies like Childrens Centres pick up the brunt of any inequalities that lay in society. We bid or vie for large sums of money to run various courses and projects that underpin social mobility. In the bid of helping families read we have set up borrow a chattersack in our childrens centre. This is to encourage parents who might otherwise not access libraries or buy books for their children. The books and toys are expensive but we charge a very minimal fee for them. Often people bring to us various problems like divorce, debt and housing issues which we do our best to refer to other agencies for further assistance. We hold classes with Citizen Advice Bureau to advise people on budgets and other financial incapability. Many of our clients are lone parents or young families struggling on low incomes. They are often in debt and or have little financial knowledge. They often live on large council estates where aspirations are not that great. The recent recession has hit these areas hard and some people are experiencing downwardly mobility. This comes with various demands like counselling, retraining and financial loss. Equality of opportunity is a sine qua non for any modern society and, in Britain, is a principle supported by all mainstream political opinion. Despite this, household income remains the biggest single predictor of a childs future success, and a recent report by the Sutton Trust found that, all too frequently, young people from financially disadvantaged backgrounds end up in a cul de sac of opportunity. (Social Mobility Foundation, 2008) Below is an example of some the types of work some helping agencies do. They use government funds to bridge the gap between rich and poor by organising trips to parks, educational establishment to boost confidence and increase knowledge. Nearly 175,000 bright children on free school meals will be given a chance at the age of 11 to visit a university as part of a drive to lift the aspirations of working-class people and increase stalled social mobility in Britain. Young people in the top 20% of ability based on test results, and who are eligible for free school meals, are about half as likely to go to university as those who are not eligible for free meals. They will now be offered two chances to visit universities. (Wintour, 2007) We organise sporting activities that will encourage the less privileged to put their feet in door of expensive sporting activities. We work with other agencies to bring information and understanding to parents who in effect calve their childrens place on the social ladder. A new report by the British think-tank Demos has hit the headlines, with its claim that Parents are the principal architects of a fairer society. Based on research from the Millennium Cohort Study, the report argues that how children are parented has a more significant impact upon their future life chances than just about anything else, including poverty and the social class into which they are born. (Bristow J, 2009) Helping agencies are faced with many demands for services they can and cannot provide. At our centre for instance there is the demand for certain services like computer classes, some sort of back to work training, cooking classes but we havent got the facilities and the man power to run such courses. We are therefore forced to send clients to other childrens centres in that losing their business. If we do manage to run any of the courses that put pressure on our facilities then we have to limit the numbers which in turn causes us to run the courses several times to fit everyone in. There is also a steady demand for information on sensitive family matters like finance. Education seems to be one the important factors manipulating social mobility. In todays society, education is becoming increasingly important as it used to ascertain the jobs people will end up in. Education is also used to determine peoples social class position. The recent government for instance has introduced many initiatives. Free child care for two year olds was trialed for sometime and is going to be offered to children from disadvantaged backgrounds. Back to work incentive of  £500 and the investment into early years, FE schools and workplace training are all initiatives which research has suggested that has not boosted social mobility. In 1999 Tony Blair told the Labour Conference: If we are in politics for one thing, it is to make sure that all children are given the best chance in life. A decade on, the Government has had to admit that billions of pounds of investment in nurseries and schools and on training has failed to bridge the class divide, and that social mobility in Britain has stalled. (Bennett and Bahra 2007) As mentioned before there are many factors contributing to this fact. One such fact is the advantage that middle class families have over poorer families when it comes to education.

George Clymer :: essays research papers

George Clymer was born in Philedelphia in 1739. His father was from a respectable family of bristol, in England and after his emigration to america became married to a lady from Philedelphia. Clymer was left by his parents in an orphanage at the young age of seven. He was then taken care of by his maternal uncle William Coleman, a gentelman who was respected by everyone in Phildelphia The education of Clymer was directed by his uncle. He was the perfect man for the job. Coleman had a great mind and early instilled in his nephew the love of reading. After the completion of his education Clymer entered the counting room of his uncle. His genius however, was little adapted to mercantille employments, being more inclined toliteary and and scientific pursuits. At the age of twenty seven,he was married ,as has already been noticed, to a daughter of meredith, a gentlemen of a good mind as his things will show. Mr washington had been noticing clymer for a while. He was very interested in clymer and thought he could do a good job. Little did he know was that Clymer would be a perfect fit in any situation. Mr Clymer has said to be a republican by nature. He was also a firm and devoted patriot. His feelings were strongly enlisted in him againstthe acts of the british government. He early accepted a captains commission in a company of voulnteers,raised for the defense of the province, and manfully opposed. A committee appointed, of which Clymer was chairman, to wait upon the cosignees, to request the not to sell. In 1775, Clymer was chosen as a member of the council of safety,and one of the first treasurers. The next year he was elected a member of the continental congress. In september, Clymer was appointed to visit Ticonderoga, in conjuction with Mr. Stocton, to inspect the affairs of the northern army. Clymer was not all that crazy about this idea. However he went a long with it and did a very good job. In 1777, clymer was again a member of congress. His duites during this session were ardous, and owing to his unremetting exertions, he was obliged to retire for a season for the recovery of his health. In the year 1796 clymer was appointed, together with Colonial Hawkins and Pickens, to negotiate a treaty with the cherokee and creek indians, in Georgia. With this in mind he sailed from Philly to Savannah, accompanied by his

Lysergic Acid Diethlamide (lsd) :: essays research papers

Lysergic Acid Diethlamide (LSD)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  LSD or lysergic acid diethlamide is a commonly used drug of teens. LSD is a hallucinogenic drug which effects the nervous system. The drug is ingested in many different ways, absorbed through the skin, taken orally or absorbed through the eye or ear. This drug was originally developed by the government of the United States as a treatment for psychological conditions such as alcoholism and drug addiction. In Canada, where experimentation is not heavily restricted, LSD has been used to reduce the suffering of terminally ill cancer patients. The drug was tested for the effects it would have on autistic children. This drug induces a physiological response that is consistent with that of a central nervous system stimulant. Little is known about the effects of LSD, but what is known shows that it is harmful to the nervous system. Physically, there is an increase in heart rate, an increase in blood pressure, dilation of the pupils, and some facilitation of the spinal reflexes.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Once ingested, LSD takes approximately 30 to 60 minutes to fully onset and the effects last anywhere from six hours to four days, depending on the dosage. If taken in large enough amounts, one can die of an overdose of LSD.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Psychologically, LSD has a tremendous effect on a person. LSD is an unpredictable drug in which the effects are different each time it is ingested. A person under the influence of LSD ifs flooded with visual experience, as much when the eyes are closed as when open. Light is greatly intensified; colors are vivid and seem to glow; images are numerous and persistent, yielding a wide range of illusions and hallucinations; details are sharp; perception of spaced is enhanced; music may evoke visual expressions, and light may give the impressions of sound. Quite often, mood swings occur with unpredictable actions of the person under the influence of the drug. A feeling of awareness of one's self is greatly enhanced. The lapse of time may slow down or time may pass

Industrial Revolution Essay -- Technology, Inventions

Advancements in agriculture, textile, transportation and economic growth became possible only because of the Industrial Revolution. Taking place in the United States between 18th and 19th century, times went from separating the cotton from its seed to using an automated cotton gin made by an American inventor Eli Whitney. This allowed for the lower class citizens to be able to have the important goods such as medication and clothing. Before the American Industrial Revolution, people were mostly farmers and life went by slowly and tedious work was required for simple tasks. But with inventions like the cotton gin, and the assembly line, mass production evolved. The United States had one of the fastest economic growths than any other country during this time. The Industrial Revolution developed the world and how it produced its goods. There were numerous inventions that made everyday tasks easier to perform by eliminating the tedious work that people performed by replacing it with a m achine. The invention that fired up the Industrial Revolution was the steam engine, which was invented by James Watt in 1775. The steam engine made travel faster and more efficient, which is why it earned the name â€Å"Iron Horse†. The steam engine not only powered the trains, but it also powered the factories (The Industrial Revolution United State, page 27). This provided numerous factories and industries to transport their goods farther away and at a faster pace. The numerous inventions led to the radically increasing American economy. There would be more export of goods which would mean higher flow of money into the economy to boost the value of the American dollar. Mass production was cheap and it meant more goods can be produced, resulting in more pr... ...e busy cities and worked in the manufacturing and textile industries because the jobs altered from self – production to mass production. By constructing the road to a colossal economy, developing countless jobs with a better work ethic, and making life easier with innovative inventions, the American Industrial Revolution was a blessing to America’s progression. Inventions starting from the cotton gin by Eli Whitney to the Model T invented by Henry Ford, the American lives and economy changed drastically. Changing from the agrarian economy to the manufacturing and textile industries, it opened doors to most people to start a new job in a new economy. It would not have been possible to achieve the simplest tasks as we would have today if it was not for the Industrial Revolution. Thus, the Industrial Revolution was a remarkable phenomenon in America’s history.

Final Exam Review

The treaty was significant because it gave Florida to the United States and created a boundary line between Spanish territory and the US, which solved rewriter disputes about the Louisiana Purchase up until the Noncommercial n War. 2. The Bank Veto (1832) On July 10, 1 832 Jackson vetoed the recharging bill for the bank of the United States in a message that appealed both to state bankers and to foes of all banks.Henry Clay convinced Nicholas Fiddle, President of the Bank, to apply to congress for a new charter, even though the current one wouldn't expire for another 4 years, in order to create an issue to use against Jackson in the presidential campaign of 1832. His plan backfired. Congress failed to override Jackson's veto and afterwards Jackson went on to story the National Bank.Jackson won the campaign and the Bank war, but he left the impression that the Democrats had played fast and loose with the Nat ion's credit system. By the end of Jackson's presidency the country was in th e economic panic of 1837. (page 264265) 3. Gag Rule (Passed in 1 836) The third resolution of the Pinkeye Resolutions. Northern abolitionists were using new advances in the printing industry were able to spread more than a million pieces of antislavery literature, much of which went to the south via US mail.Southern slave owners insisted that they were enticing the slaves to revolt, abolitionist tracts were burned and the President Van Burn was the President at the time not Jackson (Jackson was the president that allowed the US postmasters to censor the mail, and the gag rule was passed during his presidency in 1 836, the campaign by the abolitionists continue past his presidency and into Van Burns presidency, who took office March, 1837. Allowed for US postmasters to censor the mail. The gag rule was first passed in 1836 and was debated heavily through 1844.It said that any antislavery petitions would be automatically tabled with o discussion, as the abolitionists were viewed as fa natics. 4. John Tyler (1841) The 10th President of the United States. Became president in 1841, after William Henry Harrison died, and was the first UP to do this. Was known as â€Å"his accidence'. Tyler used the negative power of presidential veto t stymie the Whig program. In the end Clay (leader of the Whig) had no nation I bank, no funds for internal improvements, and only a slightly higher tariff.Although Clays leadership of the Whig was strengthened, Tyler had deprived that leadership of meaning by denying the Whig the legislative fruits of their victory in 1840 . Willow Proviso (1846) In August David Willow, a Pennsylvania democrat, offered an amendment to an appropriations bill for the Mexican war, that any territory gained would be free of slavery. He stated that this was to preserve t freedom of White people, and thereby infuriated southern shallowness, due t the implication that the mere proximity of slavery was degrading and that hi et southerners were a degraded peopl e.The proviso was consistently rejected a ND never became law. The debate began a deep distrust between northerners a southerners. Led to the Compromise of 1850 and the Free Soil party being established. . Free Soil Party (1 8481 854) Formed by dissidents Of the Whig, Old Liberty Party, and a few Northern Democrats. Vowed to keep new territories free. The motto said that free labor couldn't compete with bonded labor. Nominated M artic Van Burn for candidacy but lost to Taylor in election. The party distanced itself from abolitionism and avoided the moral problems implicit in slavery.Members emphasized instead the threat slavery would pose to free white labor and northern businessmen in the new western territories. The Compromise of 1850 temporarily neutralized the issue of slavery, and the Free Soil Party became nominated by ardent antislavery leaders. The party ran John P. Hale in the 1852 presidential election , but its share of the popular vote shrank to less than 5%. However, tw o years later, after enormous outrage over the Canebrake's Act of 1854, the remains of the Free Soil party helped form the Republican Party. 7.Compromise of 1850 (1850) If California was accepted as a free slave State into the union then there would be 16 free states and 15 slave states and the southerners saw their power slipping away. President Taylor owned slaves b UT sought a continental empire, he vowed to stand up to anything that threaten d he Union. 5 steps Henry Clay came in with his last great compromise and suggested Admit California as a free state, as it's residents clearly preferred. B. Allow the residents of the New Mexico and Utah territories to decide the slave ray issue for themselves End the Slave trade in the district of Columbia d.Pass a new fugitive state law that said that if a slave had escaped to another s Tate, then they were to be returned to their owners. Set the boundary between Texas and New Mexico and pay Texas $10 million f or the territory given up t o New Mexico. The compromise was initially rejected, however Stephen Douglas kept it alive, earning the future of the union if it did not pass. He broke it up into smaller bills, know wing that it would never pass as a package. Douglas engineered a majority vote for the compromise and President Fillmore signed it. 14. 15. Uncle Tom's cabin (1851) A novel written by Harriet Beechen Stows about southern slavery that caused a firestorm of controversy. Tom in the book is s old with 2 other mulatto slaves who escape. The presence of mulatto slaves indict the widespread interracial and extramarital sex that northerners, in the midst of a religious revival, viewed as a terrible sin. Tom is beaten to death by his master Leggier, when Tom refuses to whip another slave. By the time of the Civil War the book had sold an unprecedented 3 million copies and thousands more in Europe.The book gave slavery a face and transformed the abolitionist movement from being viewed as extremist to most northe rners to the edge o respectability. To the southerners the book was a damnable lie, a political trap CT disguised as literature. Despite the book's reception in the north, African Americans in the north continued to face voting restrictions, segregation, and official harassment. Canebrake's Act (1854) In January 1 854 Stephen Douglas rewrote his railroad proposal that would've called for a transcontinental railroad and a to establish a government in the Nebraska territory.Since the railroad would've been a northern route instead of a southern route, and because the new terrier Tory was above the Missouri compromise line southern senators rejected it. Dough altered the bill to split the territory into two, Kansas a slave state and Nebraska AAA free state, but left the actual decision of slavery up to the residents of the territories, it also repealed the Missouri compromise. This threatened the laypeople, but President Pierce backed the bill which garnered enough sup port from northe rn democrats that it did pass. Was the catalyst for a brand new party, Lincoln Republican party.Most explosive piece of legislation in history†¦ IT lead to Bleeding Kansas! 16. 17. 18. John Brown (1859) Was a political terrorist and an abolitionist that led groups of volunteers in Bleeding Kansas. He attempted to raid the arsenal at Harpers F err to start a slave revolt in 1859. This was put down by the Marines (led by future Confederate commander Robert E Lee) and Brown was sentenced to death by hanging. The Harpers Ferry raid in 1859 resulted in Southern calling for the f deader slave codes to be taken down and it escalated tensions, that a year later, led t o secession and the American Civil War.Federal Slave Code (Around 1 860) Southerners demand to make Dried Scott ruling an official law to protect slavery in territories was the driving force behind the Federal Slave Codes. Effectively would have made it possible for shallowness to travel at will while their slaves remaine d property, regardless of the local laws. Most import Tanta as an issue that the Democrats would split over in 1 860, removing their national unity and hastening the coming of the Civil War. Intimate (September 17, 1 862) Also commonly referred to as the Battle Of Sharpeners. Final Exam Review The treaty was significant because it gave Florida to the United States and created a boundary line between Spanish territory and the US, which solved rewriter disputes about the Louisiana Purchase up until the Noncommercial n War. 2. The Bank Veto (1832) On July 10, 1 832 Jackson vetoed the recharging bill for the bank of the United States in a message that appealed both to state bankers and to foes of all banks.Henry Clay convinced Nicholas Fiddle, President of the Bank, to apply to congress for a new charter, even though the current one wouldn't expire for another 4 years, in order to create an issue to use against Jackson in the presidential campaign of 1832. His plan backfired. Congress failed to override Jackson's veto and afterwards Jackson went on to story the National Bank.Jackson won the campaign and the Bank war, but he left the impression that the Democrats had played fast and loose with the Nat ion's credit system. By the end of Jackson's presidency the country was in th e economic panic of 1837. (page 264265) 3. Gag Rule (Passed in 1 836) The third resolution of the Pinkeye Resolutions. Northern abolitionists were using new advances in the printing industry were able to spread more than a million pieces of antislavery literature, much of which went to the south via US mail.Southern slave owners insisted that they were enticing the slaves to revolt, abolitionist tracts were burned and the President Van Burn was the President at the time not Jackson (Jackson was the president that allowed the US postmasters to censor the mail, and the gag rule was passed during his presidency in 1 836, the campaign by the abolitionists continue past his presidency and into Van Burns presidency, who took office March, 1837. Allowed for US postmasters to censor the mail. The gag rule was first passed in 1836 and was debated heavily through 1844.It said that any antislavery petitions would be automatically tabled with o discussion, as the abolitionists were viewed as fa natics. 4. John Tyler (1841) The 10th President of the United States. Became president in 1841, after William Henry Harrison died, and was the first UP to do this. Was known as â€Å"his accidence'. Tyler used the negative power of presidential veto t stymie the Whig program. In the end Clay (leader of the Whig) had no nation I bank, no funds for internal improvements, and only a slightly higher tariff.Although Clays leadership of the Whig was strengthened, Tyler had deprived that leadership of meaning by denying the Whig the legislative fruits of their victory in 1840 . Willow Proviso (1846) In August David Willow, a Pennsylvania democrat, offered an amendment to an appropriations bill for the Mexican war, that any territory gained would be free of slavery. He stated that this was to preserve t freedom of White people, and thereby infuriated southern shallowness, due t the implication that the mere proximity of slavery was degrading and that hi et southerners were a degraded peopl e.The proviso was consistently rejected a ND never became law. The debate began a deep distrust between northerners a southerners. Led to the Compromise of 1850 and the Free Soil party being established. . Free Soil Party (1 8481 854) Formed by dissidents Of the Whig, Old Liberty Party, and a few Northern Democrats. Vowed to keep new territories free. The motto said that free labor couldn't compete with bonded labor. Nominated M artic Van Burn for candidacy but lost to Taylor in election. The party distanced itself from abolitionism and avoided the moral problems implicit in slavery.Members emphasized instead the threat slavery would pose to free white labor and northern businessmen in the new western territories. The Compromise of 1850 temporarily neutralized the issue of slavery, and the Free Soil Party became nominated by ardent antislavery leaders. The party ran John P. Hale in the 1852 presidential election , but its share of the popular vote shrank to less than 5%. However, tw o years later, after enormous outrage over the Canebrake's Act of 1854, the remains of the Free Soil party helped form the Republican Party. 7.Compromise of 1850 (1850) If California was accepted as a free slave State into the union then there would be 16 free states and 15 slave states and the southerners saw their power slipping away. President Taylor owned slaves b UT sought a continental empire, he vowed to stand up to anything that threaten d he Union. 5 steps Henry Clay came in with his last great compromise and suggested Admit California as a free state, as it's residents clearly preferred. B. Allow the residents of the New Mexico and Utah territories to decide the slave ray issue for themselves End the Slave trade in the district of Columbia d.Pass a new fugitive state law that said that if a slave had escaped to another s Tate, then they were to be returned to their owners. Set the boundary between Texas and New Mexico and pay Texas $10 million f or the territory given up t o New Mexico. The compromise was initially rejected, however Stephen Douglas kept it alive, earning the future of the union if it did not pass. He broke it up into smaller bills, know wing that it would never pass as a package. Douglas engineered a majority vote for the compromise and President Fillmore signed it. 14. 15. Uncle Tom's cabin (1851) A novel written by Harriet Beechen Stows about southern slavery that caused a firestorm of controversy. Tom in the book is s old with 2 other mulatto slaves who escape. The presence of mulatto slaves indict the widespread interracial and extramarital sex that northerners, in the midst of a religious revival, viewed as a terrible sin. Tom is beaten to death by his master Leggier, when Tom refuses to whip another slave. By the time of the Civil War the book had sold an unprecedented 3 million copies and thousands more in Europe.The book gave slavery a face and transformed the abolitionist movement from being viewed as extremist to most northe rners to the edge o respectability. To the southerners the book was a damnable lie, a political trap CT disguised as literature. Despite the book's reception in the north, African Americans in the north continued to face voting restrictions, segregation, and official harassment. Canebrake's Act (1854) In January 1 854 Stephen Douglas rewrote his railroad proposal that would've called for a transcontinental railroad and a to establish a government in the Nebraska territory.Since the railroad would've been a northern route instead of a southern route, and because the new terrier Tory was above the Missouri compromise line southern senators rejected it. Dough altered the bill to split the territory into two, Kansas a slave state and Nebraska AAA free state, but left the actual decision of slavery up to the residents of the territories, it also repealed the Missouri compromise. This threatened the laypeople, but President Pierce backed the bill which garnered enough sup port from northe rn democrats that it did pass. Was the catalyst for a brand new party, Lincoln Republican party.Most explosive piece of legislation in history†¦ IT lead to Bleeding Kansas! 16. 17. 18. John Brown (1859) Was a political terrorist and an abolitionist that led groups of volunteers in Bleeding Kansas. He attempted to raid the arsenal at Harpers F err to start a slave revolt in 1859. This was put down by the Marines (led by future Confederate commander Robert E Lee) and Brown was sentenced to death by hanging. The Harpers Ferry raid in 1859 resulted in Southern calling for the f deader slave codes to be taken down and it escalated tensions, that a year later, led t o secession and the American Civil War.Federal Slave Code (Around 1 860) Southerners demand to make Dried Scott ruling an official law to protect slavery in territories was the driving force behind the Federal Slave Codes. Effectively would have made it possible for shallowness to travel at will while their slaves remaine d property, regardless of the local laws. Most import Tanta as an issue that the Democrats would split over in 1 860, removing their national unity and hastening the coming of the Civil War. Intimate (September 17, 1 862) Also commonly referred to as the Battle Of Sharpeners.

Facility Planning Essay

This reinvigorateds report exit discuss Virtuas refreshing ambulant worry clinic in Voorhees, N.J. It allow for features a surgical perfume for same- sidereal day surgery, genus Cancer center, womens imaging center, sleep center, diagnostic services and physicians offices. This smart state of the art master provideing curb its unveiling in the overflow of May 2012. This new ambulant center is being built adjacent to a 463-million, eight story replacement hospital. Virtua Voorhees is rise a comprehensive breakpatient ambulatory expertness and it is massive in size at 300,000 squ atomic number 18ly-foot building will provide worry for its patients in N.J. and the meet Tri-State surface area(Virtua Voorhees,2011). . In improver to this space in that respect will be a intimatelyness and headness center and a caf buy at along with a retail shop. The endeavor of the hospital is patient focused and gismo for the patient and their families.The other perks are the advanced technology all in mavin location. The creation that this hospital will look will be infants, children, adults and seniors. Families will be able to make one denomination per gossip for the entire family which will pull through time and money. Instead of having to call out of work, or make multiple trips end-to-end the year, families will have the convenience of position up one well-being visit per year. The federation outreach program that Virtua has set up is a non-profit program that will alter the community to stay healthy. Virtua will entreat free classes to educate the community more or less their health and disease prevention such as diabetes, hypertension, stroke prevention and slipway to combat obesity. Virtua besides has an event calendar that non simply trains local paramedics, nurses and physicians, that the community as well in pediatric and adult CPR.As a good neighbor Virtua will attain a leadership role in helping other health care provider s in the area with their expertise that will benefit the residents in the area. The President/chief operating officer wants the people that he/she hires to share their invigorate stories of volunteer service. Virtua healthcare system has quaternity branches of the hospital located throughout innovative jersey. advanced island of jersey is a genuinely large stateand often could not meet the shoots of the community for ambulatory services and others. Hence, many of the patients would travel to Philadelphia for inclusion body or ambulatory care.This new regaining will allow patients to remain in the comfort of their area. Southern New Jersey macrocosm has grown to over 40 percent over this decade alone. Immigrants have been finding jobs and establishing residency for years. Since 2000 Southern New Jersey foreign born population is increasing according to the U.S. Census and the States Survey data. The pep up of Atlantic city analyzed census data on foreign-born residents f or 69 municipalities in Atlantic, chimneypiece May, Cumberland and southern Ocean counties. In 2000, on that point were 45,479 foreign-born people in the region. That good turn has since grown to 63,558, an increase of 18,059. As a percent of the population, the foreign-born has increased regionally from 7 percent to 9 percent, Press analysis shows (Lemongello, S. 2011). ConclusionThis paper sure us on the necessity of the need for Southern New Jersey ambulatory care clinic. With the increase in population the need became great and this new addition to the already new hospital will provide convenience to the people in and the surrounding communities. Virtua will not only provide patient care, but also educate the people in the community on public safety and well being such as diabetes, hypertension and other ailments that plague its citizens. The massive 300,000 square foot of space will patch up a lot of patients and their families. Hence, providing same day outpatient surgery provided in the ambulatory clinic is an added bonus. many patients are excited about the new hospital addition and many are saying that it is convenient for them as well as their families. Southern New Jersey is a very large area and it has an equally large population. This will be a great addition to the already renovated hospital.ReferenceLemongello, S. (2011). Southern New Jerseys immigrant population continues to grow. Retrieved from http//quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/34000.html Virtua Voorhees. (2011). welcome to pick up to Virtua Voorhees. Retrieved from http//www.Virtua of Voorhees Southern New Jersey

Long Term Investment Decisions Essay

Long condition majuscule determinations involve choosing how to finance long term estimates. For a movie rental company, much(prenominal) decisions would include start new shops in new markets or purchase new machinery that would cleanse the self-coloureds technology. sooner making such decisions, a firm has to do an analysis of the returns that the new project would bring against the approach outlay of the project. in that respect argon several slipway of doing such an analysis. They include the payback period, net ease up value, internal number of return among opposites. The of import subscribe to of conducting this analysis is to determine whether the expected returns meet a certain predetermined benchmark, usu ally higher than the take a chance free return. Rationale for administration interventionThe get together States governing body intervenes in business processes in a phone number of shipway it has ground levelulated linguistic rule that governs th e have distribution industry to get a line a aim pick out field, ensuring employee shield, protection of the environs etcetera. For instance, there be laws that govern advertising. These laws ar set to ensure that advertisers argon truthful and honest in their adverts. To protect the in force(p)s of employees, the political relation regulates issues such as the minimum wage account payable to an employee, the maximum running(a) hours and a good working environment.In addition, the governing has put rhythms that regulate burn out vigilance and protection of the environment. Through the environmental protection agency, the government ensures businesses comply with environment protection regulation in fellowship to protect the environment (Graham et al, 2010). wherefore Government Regulation is neededGovernments in all countries in the world regulate business for twain economic and societal reasons. In the recent past tense governments have continually regulated businesses for economic reasons roughlyly to prevent falling productivity especially in developed economies. Social regulation is practiced in order to ensure businesses comply with the social or the moral expectation of the public. For instance in a movie rental company, the government would engage regulations that conquer distribution of pornographic and other banned films or limits the distribution to only the age appropriate groups (Khan & Jain, 2004).The main reason why a government is organise is to protect the rights of its citizens. There atomic number 18 a number of rights that if non protect whitethorn lead to social unrest. A government should ensure that seemlyty rights are enforced to ensure that the producers leap from their hard labor. In addition, the government should ensure the kind of media that is on sales event is age appropriate. It should protect kids from content that may not be appropriate to them. For example, small kids should not be allowed to access pornography or content that is exceedingly violent.Another reason why a government should regulate businesses is to ensure a level playing ground for all firms. Because of the disparities in some resources a firm may possess an unfair vantage over other firms. In order to ensure that an industry is competitive, the government has to ensure that the industry has a level playing field and needs to be regulated. For instance, in the movie industry, the government may contend in to break cartels that form in order to influence the prices of production and the distribution channels. Specifically, a government can put in place regulations that modify the market and break such cartels.In addition, the government has a moral obligation to protect the environment by ensuring that hazardous material is properly disposed. In a movie rental company, there are a lot of technological wastes generated. Lack of proper disposal of pcs and other such like materials that cause cancer to huma ns may lead to add-on in incidents of cancer. Therefore, the government must(prenominal) come up with measures that ensure that there are proper disposal mechanisms for such waste. The benefits of a unifyrThere are a lot of advantages that megahit would enjoy as a head of forming a merger. One of the greatest advantages of forming a major is that smash hit would enjoy the economies of surpass as a ending of operating as a larger company. Economies of surmount occur as a result of reduction of average embodys as a result of increased output. In addition, the merger can second blockbuster action diversification. For example, blockbuster can merge with firms that provide a different service from what it offers. By doing so, block buster provide obtain access to knowledge and expertise that may help the firm gain competitive advantage.However, the advantages of forming a merger matter on a number of factors. Specifically, the success of a merger depend on the scope of econ omies scale created, effects on monopoly power, and the effects on cost. However, collectible to the threats, blockbuster chooses to pursue its elaborateness plan by detonator investment. Capital projects are long term investments that are made to build on, or improve a crown intensive project. A project that is smashing intensive requires the input of considerable amounts of capital especially financial and labor to start and run. They alike require a lot of planning and resources. There are a number of ways that a firm can finance capital projects. originally determining the best way to finance capital projects, a firm should seek to determine the costs, the viability of the investment and the stream of returns from the investment.Despite the advantages of forming a merger, there are a lot of complexities that makes it less attractive to form a merger. For example, there is the issue of dilution of dominance. By forming a merger, the firm will reduce the amount of control it has on decision making. It will have to contend with the inclusion of new investor who will inherit the right to vote on significant decisions. This may change the goals of a company and work to slow decision making. A merger also reduces the publics confidence in a firm. The public may construe the move as a measure to save the firm from imminent failure.In order to eliminate these complexities, it becomes paramount to seek alternative ways of blasting a business. One of the alternatives is capital expenditures. However, it is not also advantageous. Complexities of funding expansion using capital expendituresThe cost outlay of financing capital expenditures is particularly high. Therefore, a firm has to do a comprehensive suss out of the cost and benefits of using the available funds to expand the business. In addition to the cost, capital expenditures require a huge investment of time and labor. Given that these resources are limited a firm is constrained by the availabilit y of the factors of production. For a firm that has limited resources will find it extremely difficult to expand via capital expenditures. Convergence of the needs of the stockholders and managersThe need of stockholders is to maximize increase their wealth. On the other hand, the management aims to achieve management efficiency and increase a businesss competitiveness. The common goal of both parties is profitability. A stockholders wealth is increased significantly by profits. On the other hand, a business becomes efficient if uses the least resources to achieve the greatest possible profit (Thukaram, 2003).The method of expansion chosen for the firm will be the most efficient and that will maximize the return on investment by the stockholders. To determine the returns from the investment a firm can use scientific ways of measuring the highest possible level of returns. These methods include, evaluating the marginal rate of return for the project.